you will need some pound coins to throw at the machines, or at the attendents if they are there.

driving in the UK seems incredibly codified compared to France.
the only thing that I find weird is the colour coding of parking on road (1 white line, 1 yellow line, 2 yellow lines )

A yellow line of any kind is a parking restriction, otherwise it's just marking the boundary of the road.

There's red lines too isn't there?

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No parking at any time ever

I'm probably wrong but I thought double red was no stoppping ever and double yellow no parking ever. I've not really driven in the UK in the last decade though, and am used to the antipodean way of doing things.

You're probably right thinking about it

badge holders may usually park on single or double yellow lines for up to three hours except where there is a ban on loading or unloading and at a few locations where local schemes apply