I would imagine it's environmental and genetic.
Alchoholism is genetic, certain alpha waves only see in alcoholic brainwaves are also found in children of alcoholics but not all offspring mimic the behaviour.
As for smoking, hell we all have the genes to an extent. We all have nicotine receptors in the brain that are stimulated by no other drug. All of us.
But as for most things, environmental factors will trigger predispositions cause by genetic makeup and the strength of the environmental trigger needed will differ from person to person.